留学动态

A
Academic Year
学年单位：如学期、学季等。

Academic Advisor
学科顾问：学校教授或职员担任，协助解答学生有关学业问题的顾问

Accreditation
资格认可：当学生申请学校时，应留意所申请的学校是否被有关机关认可。

Admission
入学申请

Advanced Placement
申请美国大学时，可经由考试或转读学分( transfer credit )，直接进入大一、大二、大三或大四。

Advanced Standing
与Advanced placement相同

Associate Degree
副学士学位：高中毕业后就读的两年制社区学院（Community College）所颁发的学位。

Audit
旁听：没有学分、考试。

B
Bachelor's Degree
学士学位：四年制大学毕业后取得的学位。

Baccalaureate Degree
学士学位：四年制大学毕业后取得的学位。

Bursar
学校财务及会计部门

Bulletin
布告、公告或学校课程介绍目录。

C
Campus
校园

Candidate Notification Date
学校公布学生申请结果的日期

Candidate Reply Date
学生回复是否接受入学申请的期限

College Catalog
介绍学校的目录

Community College
社区学院

Competitiveness
学校的竞争性：越有竞争性的学校代表申请的困难度越高。

Conditional Admission
条件式入学：有些学校会给条件不合（通常是英文能力未达标准）的学生条件式许可，待其修完所需之课程始可正式开始修学位。

Core Course
取得大学学位必修通识科目：需修满一定的学分，一般在大一或大二修读这类的课程。

Credit or Credit Hour or Unit
学分

Curriculum Vitae or Vitae or CV列出自己的学历

D
Dean
学院院长

Degree
学位

Deferred Admission
延迟入学：准许学生在被接受入学申请后，延迟一定时间入学，例如延后一年。

Dissertation
论文：一般指博士论文。

Doctorate or Doctoral Degree
博士学位

Dormitories or Dorm
宿舍
Double Major
双科主修

Drop
退选科目：参考Withdrawal。

Dropout
退学：指一个学生离开学校两年以上，没有学位或并未转学到其他学校。

E
Electives
选修：可选本系或旁系、主修或非主修的科目。

Enrollment Deposit
注册订金

F
Faculty
全体教授

Fellowship
奖学金

Financial Aid
财政资助：每间学校申请财政资助的规定不同，大部分学院均设有专门负责财政资助的部门，但发给海外学生的资助则并不多。

Flunk
不及格

Foreign Student Advisor
海外学生顾问：学校多有此部门，由专业人员给予海外学生辅导。

Freshman
新生：指大学一年级或中学九年级的学生。

Full-Time Student
全日制学生：学校规定全日制学生需要修毕一定数目的学分。

G
GPA（grade point average）
成绩点数与学分的总平均值

GPR（grade point ratio）
同GPA（grade point average）

Graduate Management Admission Test（GMAT）
由GMAC委员会委托的美国教育测验服务中心

Educational Testing Service（ETS）
美国商学研究所的申请入学参考条件之一。大部分的美国商学研究所均会要求GMAT成绩。此测验包含计量（Quantitative）、语文（Verbal）及分析写作（Analytical Writing ) 2篇，提供学校评估申请者将来在商学研究所的学术表现。

Graduate Records Examination（GRE）
由GRE委员会委托美国教育测验服务社（Educational Testing Service，简称任ETS）举办的世界性测验，作为美国各大学研究所或研究机构的申请入学参考条件之一。GRE测验分为普通测验（General Test）和学科测验（Subject Tests）两种。

Graduate Study
研究所：学生得到学士学位后，进入研究所修读硕士、博士学位之课程。

Graduate Program
研究所课程

H
High School
高中

Higher Education
高等教育

Honors Program
荣誉课程

I
Independent Study
独立研究：某些课堂让学生可独立研读，不需全班上课或小组报告。学生与一位或多位指导老师，订定研读计划，定期报告进展，并在期末交总报告。

IAP-66
美国州政府指定合格的资助机构所发文件，为J-1签证必备的证件。

International Student Advisor
海外学生顾问：负责所有海外学生入学，就读事宜。

I-20
入学许可证：学生签证的必备文件。
I-94
出入境记录表：在你入境美国时会夹附在护照中。

Immigration and Naturalization Service
美国移民局：简称INS

Internship
短期实习：大多与学生主修的科目有关，工作可能是全职或兼职、校内或校外、有薪或义务性质均有。

International English Language Testing System-IELTS
留学英国、澳洲、纽西兰等大英国协国家的国际英语测试制度。

J
Junior
指大学三年级或中学十一年级的学生

K
K-12
Kindergarten to twlevth grade；幼儿园到十二年级（约等于我们的中六）。

L
Liberal Arts Courses
由人文、艺术、社会、自然科学等领域中选出的一些基本课程。

Leave
休学：学生被准许离校一段时间，再回校修毕课程。

M
Maintenance
基本费用：在学校中指学费以外的花费，包括住宿、书本、衣物、交通等费用。

Major
主修

Master’S Degree
硕士学位

Minor
副修

N
Non-Resident
非学校所在州之州民。通常在州立大学中从外州或外国来就读的学生都算是非本州州民，所付的学费也会比州民贵。
Notarization
公证

O
Open Admission
开放式入学

P
Placement Test
入学测验：学生到校后的程度考试，成绩优良可直接报读较高的课程。

Prerequisite
先修课程：要上某些课之前需先具备特定的条件，如会计概论为高等会计的先备条件。

Q
Quarter System
学季制：一学季长度约12周，通常一学年会分为春、秋、冬3学季外加夏季。

Quiz
课堂上的小测验

R
Resident
在学校所在之州居住至少一年的人，他们在州立大学可付较便宜的州民学费。另外住校生亦称为resident。

Residency Requirement大部分学校规定学生需在校内修毕数个学期的课程（除独立研究和别校转来的学分外），才能毕业。

Residence Hall
宿舍

Rolling Admission
先到先得制：以循环方式，入学申请没有一定的截止日期，收到申请资料后就随时开始审核。

S
Semester System
学期制：一学期长度约15-16周，通常一学年会分为春、秋两学期外加夏季。

Senior
大四或中七学生

Social Security Number
社会安全号码：简称（SSN identification number），其重要性如同我们的身份证号码。海外学生到当地后到相关机构办理。
Seminar
小型研讨课程：由教授指导针对某领域或主题做独立研究和课堂讨论。

Sophomore
指大二或中五学生

Stipend
每年发给学生的奖助学金

Syllabus
课程进度

T
Test of English as a Foreign Language or TOEFL
一般称为托福测验，是美国社区学院、大学及研究所用来衡量海外学生英文能力之考试。

Thesis
论文：一般指硕士论文。

Term可指学期或学季

Transcript
成绩单

Transfer Student
转读生：在社区学院修读两年后，转读至大学继续大三、大四的课程。以大学而言，是指已经上了一学期到3年的大学课程，而欲转往另一所大学继续就读的学生。

Tuition学费：不包括膳食、住宿、书簿费等等。

U
Unit
与学分（credit）通用

Undergraduate Study
大学课程：两年制或四年制的大学课程。

Upper-Division Courses
通常指大三或大四以上的进阶课程

V
Vocational School
职业学校

Vitae
见curriculum vitae

W
Withdrawal
退选某课程：学生须在规定的时间内正式通知学校要退选，否则成绩将列入成绩单记录

Z
Zip Code邮政编码

This glossary will help you understand the terms and language used to describe education in the U.S.A. You will find the words listed below are used throughout this magazine. Your understanding of the contents of this magazine will be greatly enhanced if you take the time to reference the terms below, and check back to this list often.
Academic counseling/advising: Students at U.S. universities and colleges are typically required to speak one on one with an academic counselor or advisor on a regular basis. Because students elect their own courses the advisor helps them to plan their academic calendars, and ensures that they are taking the classes they need to graduate.
Accreditation: the certification that a school or program meets a prescribed academic standard. It is very important to know that a college or university is accredited.
Advanced placement (AP): Some universities/colleges give credit for class work done in high school or to students who prove via examination that they have achieved university- level proficiency in a certain subject.
Campus: the location of a university, college, or school’s main buildings. U.S. campuses are known for their ample size, architecture, landscaping, and numerous student locales.
Coeducational: used to describe an educational environment that includes students of both sexes.
Cooperative education: a program in which students spend a portion of their time in a professional environment outside of the university. The duration of a bachelor’s program is usually five years.
Credits: Universities and colleges typically assign all courses a certain number of credits. Often the number of credits is equivalent to the number of hours spent in class each week.
Associate’s degree: earned upon completion of a degree program at a 2-year college.
Bachelor’s degree: earned upon completion of an undergraduate program, typically four years, at a college or university.
Master’s and Doctorate degree: earned upon completion of a graduate degree program
Distance learning: Some universities/colleges offer courses which students can take off-campus, via a variety of means, such as: Internet, videotapes, or cable television.
Dormitory: Also called “dorms,” dormitories are living facilities designed to house students. A cafeteria is often located in the same building.
ESL: English as a second language.
Faculty: the professors, teachers and lecturers of a university/college.
Freshman: first-year students at high schools, universities and colleges.
Homestay: a living arrangement that involves staying with an American family.
Honors college/classes: Some universities have an entire college or program dedicated to academically accomplished students, who wish to take more challenging and/or accelerated courses.
Internship/intern: an arrangement by which a student works in a company for a limited period of time.
Liberal arts: the study of humanities, arts and literature, language, and natural and physical sciences. Most U.S. universities and colleges offer an ample liberal arts program. Some schools are dedicated solely to the liberal arts.
Major: A college student’s field of study. U.S. students typically declare their major at the end of their second (sophomore) year.
Room and board: living facilities and food.
Tuition: The cost of attending a university or college. Room and board costs are separate. Tuition payments are typically required each quarter or semester and may depend on the number of credits for which you are enrolled, as well as your status as a state resident or U.S. citizen.
Vocational college: an institution dedicated to teaching the skills necessary for a particular line of work, such as electronics.